Road design, safety and Vision Zero

[MidTowner]

...But even if the 401 is safer (which it’s clearly not most times) ...

What makes that "clear" to you? My understanding is that divided highways are much safer than undivided four-lane highways, which are much safer than two-lane divided roads. 400-series highways have excellent lighting, wide shoulders. Head-on collisions as a result of passing can not happen, for instance.

I don't have a link to numbers. I know, though, that contrary to most people's intuition, most fatal collisions involving trucks do not happen on the 400-series highways, but rather undivided highways.